Experimental study on CO2 sealing capacity of salt-gypsum caprock
Bibliographic record
Abstract
CO 2 geological storage is a pivotal technology for climate mitigation, and the sealing capacity of the caprock is paramount for its long-term safety. Salt-gypsum caprocks, known for their ultra-low permeability and ductility, are ideal candidates, yet their sealing mechanisms under multiphase CO 2 conditions are not fully understood. This study systematically investigates the sealing capacity of salt-gypsum caprock from the Wolonghe Gas Field through integrated experiments, including transient pulse decay permeability tests, phase-controlled breakthrough pressure tests, and triaxial compression tests. The results demonstrate that the permeability decreases exponentially with effective stress, with a 40 % irreversible loss post-unloading. The breakthrough pressure, governed by CO 2 phase state (sc-CO 2 > liquid > gaseous), increases linearly with burial depth, reaching 15.64 MPa at 1000 m. The caprock transitions into the plastic domain beyond 2600 m, exhibiting a tensile strength of 5.15 MPa sufficient to inhibit micro-fracture propagation. This research validates the long-term containment potential of salt-gypsum caprocks and identifies a synergistic “low permeability, high breakthrough pressure, self-healing” triple-sealing mechanism, providing a theoretical basis for site selection in CO 2 geological storage projects.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".