Independent effects of depression and elevated body mass index on maternal CRP levels in pregnancy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Perinatal depressive symptoms and elevated pre-pregnancy BMI associate with gestational inflammation, however it remains unclear whether these are distinct effects. We examined whether maternal depressive symptoms, pre-pregnancy BMI and their interactions associated with maternal C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels in early and/or later pregnancy in 383 women participating in the Ontario Birth Study. METHODS: Maternal depression was measured at weeks 12-16 and 28-32 gestation using the PHQ-2, while pre-pregnancy BMI was calculated based on retrospective self-reports. Maternal plasma CRP was measured at 14.4 +/- 1.9 and 27.0 +/- 1.3 weeks gestation. Separate multiple regressions were used to predict the two log-transformed CRP levels with the two pregnancy PHQ-2 scores at step 1, then adding pre-pregnancy BMI at step 2 and the PHQ-2 X BMI interaction terms at step 3. RESULTS: PHQ-2 scores at weeks 12-16 were significantly associated with logCRP levels measured at the later but not earlier pregnancy time point (standardized beta = 0.09, t = 2.29, p = .022), while PHQ-2 scores at weeks 28-32 did not associate with either logCRP level. Pre-pregnancy BMI was significantly associated with logCRP in early and later pregnancy. The link between early PHQ-2 scores and later pregnancy CRP was not weakened when pre-pregnancy BMI was entered at step 2. Neither of the PHQ-2 X BMI interactions was significantly associated with maternal CRP levels. CONCLUSIONS: The current data suggest that PHQ-2 scores in early pregnancy predict higher maternal CRP, but only after a time lag, while elevated BMI has a separate, more consistent effect on CRP across pregnancy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".