<b>Protective effect of epigallocatechin-gallate in cryopreserved goat sperm on post-thawed quality</b>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Cryopreservation is a useful technique for preserving goat sperm, but it often causes damage due to oxidative stress triggered by increased reactive oxygen species. One promising solution is the use of antioxidants, such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), to reduce these harmful effects. EGCG has been recognised for its ability to safeguard sperm cells by supporting the normal function of mitochondria, regulating cell death mechanisms, and supporting genes involved in energy metabolism. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of EGCG added to semen extenders on the quality of goat sperm after thawing, including motility, viability, and the expression of genes related to mitochondrial activity and apoptosis. Methods: . B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) expression was observed using immunocytochemistry, while CPT2 gene expression was assessed by Reverse Transcription Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction. Statistical analyses were conducted using Duncan's and Kruskal-Wallis tests, followed by pairwise comparisons. Results: The findings showed that 200 mg/dl of EGCG significantly improved sperm motility, while the 100 mg/dl dose helped maintain better viability after thawing. Interestingly, BCL-2 expression increased most notably at 500 mg/dl, indicating anti-apoptotic protection. Additionally, CPT2 gene expression was significantly upregulated at EGCG concentrations of 50, 100, 400, and 800 mg/dl compared to the control group. Conclusion: EGCG supplementation in goat semen extenders has a protective effect on post-thawed sperm by improving motility and viability and supporting mitochondrial and apoptotic pathways. These results suggest that EGCG can be a valuable additive for enhancing artificial insemination outcomes in goats.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".