Association between physical activity, sleep, and screen time and cardiometabolic risk factors among Brazilian adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative sample
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A prominent gap in the literature is the lack of evidence from low-middle-income countries on the association between adherence to 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (physical activity, sleep, and screen time) and cardiometabolic risk factors among adolescents. This study examined the association between adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and cardiometabolic risk factors among Brazilian adolescents. METHODS: The probabilistic sample consisted of 29,226 adolescents (60.5% females) aged 12 to 17 years. This school-based cross-sectional study was conducted across all geographical regions of Brazil. Body mass and height were measured to estimate body mass index. Waist circumference, blood pressure, and venous blood samples were collected to estimate fasting glucose, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol. Cardiometabolic risk factors were classified according to International Diabetes Federation criteria. Data on 24-hour movement behaviors (moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity, sleep duration, and recreational screen time) were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and classified according to the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines. Binary logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS: For males, lower ORs for high blood pressure [OR: 0.34 (95%CI: 0.20–0.58)], high triglycerides [OR: 0.47 (0.28–0.78)], metabolic syndrome [OR: 0.36 (0.17–0.78)], and the presence of two [OR: 0.49 (0.32–0.58)] and ≥ 3 cardiometabolic risk factors [OR: 0.35 (0.15–0.80)] were observed in adolescents who met the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines compared to peers who did not meet the guidelines. For females, no association was found between adherence to 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and cardiometabolic risks. CONCLUSION: Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was beneficial for reducing the odds of cardiometabolic risk factors in males.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".