Effect of electric field strength on anthocyanin electromigration in an electrodialysis with filtration membrane (EDFM) system
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the present work, a systematic study of the effects of electric field strength (EFS ; 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 V cm -1 ) on the performances of electrodialysis with filtration membranes (EDFM) was carried-out for the first time during cranberry juice enrichment. The migration of anthocyanins was monitored alongside changes in juice composition, pH, and conductivity. The integrity of ion-exchange (IEM) and filtration membranes (FM) was also assessed through conductivity, thickness, and color measurements. From these results, it appeared that increasing the electric field up to 10 V cm -1 enhanced anthocyanin migration in the enriched juice, but higher EFS led to severe water splitting and anion-exchange membrane deterioration, reducing process efficiency. A radar plot integrating process performance parameters identified 5–10 V cm -1 as the optimal range for maximizing anthocyanin migration while preserving membrane integrity. • Anthocyanin migration increased with electric field from 2.5 to 10 V/cm. • A plateau occurred beyond 10 V/cm due to WS and membrane damage. • WS occurred first at AEM, then CEM, near 10 V/cm. • Optimal range: 5–10 V/cm for anthocyanin migration and process efficiency.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".