Cutaneous Small Vessel Vasculitis Associated With Varicella Zoster Infection: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Herpes zoster is well-known for its association with large-vessel vasculitis, particularly in the central nervous system. This report highlights a rare diagnosis of small-vessel cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis linked to herpes zoster. A 73-year-old man, during an extended ICU stay following an anterior myocardial infarction complicated by respiratory failure, developed a self-limiting bullous rash. Biopsy revealed epidermal infection by varicella-zoster virus (confirmed through immunohistochemistry and histologic morphology) accompanied by dermal leukocytoclastic vasculitis. This represents the 14th documented diagnosis of small-vessel leukocytoclastic vasculitis associated with varicella-zoster infection. This report broadens the spectrum of herpes zoster presentations, particularly in immunocompromised patients, and provides a valuable reference for clinicians managing atypical manifestations of this infection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".