Privilege and Precarity: Migration Journeys of Former International Students in Canada Through the Lens of the Aspirations and Capabilities Framework
Bibliographic record
Abstract
International student enrolment has surged globally, transforming higher education systems worldwide. In Canada, this growth has not only transformed post-secondary institutions but also recalibrated the immigration system, with international students positioned as prime candidates for permanent residency after graduation. Against this backdrop, this study investigates how former international students (FIS) graduating from publicly funded Canadian universities navigate migration decisions. Using a grounded theory approach, it explores how privilege and precarity shape the aspirations and capabilities of FIS, influencing their migration experiences. Findings question Canada’s image as an unequivocally attractive destination, emphasizing the evolving, situational aspects of migration choices. Systemic barriers, including employment challenges and inconsistent policies, complicate desires to stay. We underscore the need for integrated policies connecting education, immigration, and labour markets and offer recommendations to retain and integrate international student talent.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.033 | 0.013 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.012 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".