Widespread association of Polycomb complex–deposited histone H2A monoubiquitylation with enhancers and neuronal gene regulation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Disruption of histone H2A monoubiquitylation (H2AK119ub) causes neurodevelopmental disorders through poorly understood mechanisms. Polycomb complex–deposited H2AK119ub and trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) can cooperatively maintain gene repression. However, the extent to which H2AK119ub functions independently of H3K27me3 to repress or potentiate gene expression, and the evolutionary conservation of these roles, remains unclear. Here, we address the interplay among Polycomb-deposited marks and chromatin states in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. We find that H2AK119ub distribution is distinct from and largely dispensable for H3K27me3 patterns. Unexpectedly, H2AK119ub is enriched at predicted enhancers with developmentally dynamic changes in accessibility, including in neurons. More than two-thirds of well-documented axon guidance genes and neuronal identity transcription factors are associated with H2AK119ub. Many of the genes differentially expressed in H2AK119ub-deficient animals are involved in neuronal differentiation and signaling and feature H2AK119ub-enriched promoters and enhancers, including a subset that is H3K27me3 repressed. We uncover a likely conserved yet underappreciated dual role for H2AK119ub at enhancers and H3K27me3-repressed chromatin, with implications for nervous system development.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".