Genome-wide identification of the peanut PITP gene family and functional verification of AhSFH8 in resistance to Aspergillus flavus infection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins (PITPs) are essential in eukaryotes for transporting phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine monomers across intracellular membranes, and they play key roles in regulating plant growth, signal transduction, stress responses, and other vital biological processes. Arachis hypogaea L., the crop most susceptible to Aspergillus flavus, has not been reported its PITP genes in responses to A. flavus infection. In this study, we performed a genome-wide identification of the PITP gene family in the peanut cultivar Tifrunner using the latest reference genome, and analyzed their expression patterns in different peanut tissues and at various time points after A. flavus inoculation. Furthermore, we cloned a candidate gene, AhSFH8 (a member of the PITP family's SFH subfamily, which contains Sec14-Nodulin or NIJ16 domains) from the highly A. flavus-resistant peanut material "J11" and validated its function via overexpression in tobacco. A total of 85 peanut PITP genes (AhPITPs) were identified, which were classified into three subfamilies and distributed across 20 chromosomes. Segmental duplication was found to be the main driver for the expansion of this family, and gene structure, motif, and conserved domain analyses confirmed their structural conservation. Promoter cis-acting element analysis showed that SFH subfamily members harbored more stress-related elements, suggesting their involvement in stress responses. Expression profiling revealed that three SFH genes (AhSFH8, AhSFH9, AhSFH10) were potentially associated with A. flavus resistance. Cloning of AhSFH8 from "J11" showed its target fragment is 1917 bp in length, with premature translation termination at 1836 bp. Transgenic tobacco overexpressing AhSFH8 exhibited significantly less leaf yellowing and fewer surface spores than wild-type tobacco after A. flavus infection, preliminarily confirming that AhSFH8 enhances A. flavus resistance. Based on gene family identification, promoter analysis, expression patterns and transgenic functional validation, we identified three SFH genes potentially associated with resistance to A. flavus infection. Our findings provide a foundation for understanding the functions of the peanut PITP gene family and the mechanism underlying AhSFH8-mediated resistance to A. flavus infection, while also offering valuable candidate genes for peanut resistance breeding.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".