Groundfish with diverse life histories increase in size and abundance with proximity to spatial protections
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Detecting positive responses to marine spatial protections, both in situ and as spillover effects, is critical for fisheries management yet difficult in practice. We leveraged 18 years of data on 28 groundfish species collected by four Indigenous Nations in Pacific Canada to assess ecological responses to spatially protected Rockfish Conservation Areas (RCAs). Body sizes and abundances were greatest inside RCAs and increased with proximity to RCAs at unprotected sites up to 160 km away. Abundance responses emerged faster (at younger RCA ages) for species with high r max , as predicted, but body size responses emerged faster for species with low r max , counter to predictions. Our study illustrates a general framework for jointly inferring in situ recovery and spillover benefits using a novel hierarchical geostatistical model that integrated long time series; observations made inside, near, and far from seven RCAs; and multiple species and survey methods spanning a 500-m depth range.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".