Dynamic omnivory shapes the functional role of large carnivores under global change
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Omnivory is increasingly recognized as a dynamic stabilizing force under environmental change. Despite its ubiquity across ecosystems, trophic levels and spatiotemporal scales, our empirical understanding of how omnivores respond to changing conditions in terrestrial ecosystems is limited. Here we combine macroecological and paleoecological approaches across seven bear species-the largest terrestrial carnivores-and discover they dynamically adapt their trophic position in food webs to resource availability. Throughout their ranges, bears shift to carnivory in unproductive ecosystems with short growing seasons and to herbivory in productive ecosystems with long growing seasons. In line with this, isotopic evidence from the Late Pleistocene and Holocene reveals a sharp decrease in the trophic position of the European brown bear in response to increasing net primary productivity and growing season length. These findings reveal a mechanism of trophic rewiring that alters the functional role of large carnivores in ecosystems and may simultaneously stabilize food web dynamics under global change.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".