Revision of Notropis stramineus (Cope, 1865), descriptions of three new species and comments on the monophyly of Miniellus Jordan, 1882 (Pisces: Cypriniformes: Leuciscidae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Combined analyses of molecular and morphological data support a revised classification of Notropis stramineus comprising five distinct evolutionary lineages, two for which names are available, Notropis stramineus (Cope, 1865) and N. missuriensis (Cope, 1871), herein redescribed, and three for which no names are available, here formally described as new species. Four of these clades comprise a species complex, here termed the N. stramineus species complex, while these four clades, in addition to N. procne , N. topeka , N. chihuahua and the fifth clade form a monophyletic group here termed the N. stramineus species group. Notropis lucifer sp. nov. , sister taxon of N. chihuahua , is distributed in the Colorado River and Rio Grande basins of Texas (USA), where it is distributed in the Devils River, and presumably also in Pinto Creek; based on distribution, populations in tributaries of the Rio Grande in Mexico are tentatively also assigned to this species. Notropis lucifer sp. nov. can be distinguished from other members of the N. stramineus species group primarily by coloration in life and pigmentation patterns which are still visible after preservation. Notropis oblitus sp. nov. is found in several Gulf Slope streams in Texas, including the upper reaches of Nueces, San Antonio, and Guadalupe River basins, though likely absent from the Colorado River basin. This species can be distinguished from other members by head shape, eye size and pigmentation patterns. Notropis multicorniculatus sp. nov. is found in the western portions of the Arkansas, Canadian and Red River basins in parts of Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas, and likely also Arkansas and Colorado, as well as the Pecos River (New Mexico), where it is likely non-native. This species can be distinguished from other members of the species complex by comparatively larger and more abundant tubercles in males and differences in body shape. Comments are provided regarding the genus Miniellus , which has been recently suggested to comprise 21 species, including N. stramineus .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".