Practical experiments with ultra-low voltage biomedical amplifiers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Low power amplifiers are crucial in many biomedical devices such as muscle signal interfaces and neurological front ends. Furthermore, their importance in analog computing platforms is gaining ground as they provide improved efficiency under increasing demands. As such, reducing amplifier's operational voltage is imperative for low power design. Two topologies were optimized and tested for useful gain at low voltage. A first topology was tested in CMOS and with OTS components, it used body input transconductance. The second, a common source design using an array of MOSFETs that minimized the voltage stack whilst maximizing gain. Both methods provided suitable gain for application in biomedical circuits, and were tested using practical interface biasing. The body amplifier provides useful gain down to 290mV and the CS amplifier provides suitable gain down to 190mV.Clinical and Translational Impact Statement-Low voltage and low power amplifiers reduce risks, as battery longevity is extended. As such, they are a crucial component of medical devices and implants such as heart monitors, pacemakers and health tracking. In addition, these amplifiers are poised to gain importance in biomimetic computing systems based on analog memory.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".