Floatable carbon nitride-plastic composite for paired photocatalysis at the liquid-liquid interface
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Floatable photocatalysts have been demonstrated for solar fuel synthesis at the gas-liquid interface but not yet between immiscible solvents for chemical synthesis. Here, we introduce a carbon nitride and low-density plastics composite with tunable density, produced by a sustainable fabrication process for applications in liquid-liquid photocatalysis. This material enables 2D confinement, catalyst recovery, and paired, compartmentalized photocatalysis. Carbon nitride-polypropylene at the 1-butanol|water interface produced 2.7 ± 0.5 mmol L −1 h −1 aqueous H 2 O 2 from O 2 reduction and 1.5 ± 0.4 mmol L −1 h −1 butanal from butanol oxidation at room temperature (λ = 450 nm, 40 mW cm −2 ). Replacing 1-butanol with kraft lignin in ethyl acetate resulted in integrated H 2 O 2 synthesis (0.78 ± 0.01 mmol L −1 h −1 ) and organo-soluble biomass upcycling (0.67 ± 0.01 of veratraldehyde from a model compound). Continuous processing of simultaneously produced H 2 O 2 and valorized lignin was achieved by developing a flow reactor platform utilizing concentrated simulated solar light.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it