MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W4416998393 · doi:10.1080/01944363.2025.2587042

“The Big Ship Turns Around Slowly”: An Evaluation of Equity and Justice in Ontario Climate Action Plans

2025· article· en· W4416998393 on OpenAlexaffabout
Kayleigh Swanson

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of the American Planning Association · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicSustainability and Climate Change Governance
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Toronto
Fundersnot available
KeywordsClimate justiceEquity (law)Economic JusticeAction (physics)Environmental justiceClimate change

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Problem, research strategy, and findings Here I report the results of an evaluation of climate action plans for three cities in Ontario (Canada). The evaluation was guided by a framework containing criteria for assessing the degree to which climate action plans address distributive, procedural, recognition, and healing justice. The framework was developed through consultations with climate change scholars and representatives from equity-deserving groups. Results suggest there is considerable risk that equity-deserving groups will be left behind in the transition to more climate-friendly communities. Findings are based on empirical evidence from the plan evaluation and qualitative evidence from interviews with representatives from equity-deserving groups in the case study cities.Takeaway for practice I offer recommendations for how planners and other urban actors can integrate equity considerations into municipal climate action planning. Planners can (a) actively support equity-deserving communities in transcending historical discrimination by specifying how underserved groups are part of the future vision for a community, (b) frame justice as a core focus of the planning process rather than an end that planning practice should strive to achieve, (c) address the current gap between best practice and actual practice regarding meaningful engagement of underserved communities, and (d) more carefully consider the potentially regressive outcomes of climate action. These actions require planners to educate themselves about the underlying drivers of inequity in a specific community.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.004
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.087
Threshold uncertainty score0.980

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0040.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.072
GPT teacher head0.359
Teacher spread0.288 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

Explore more

Same venueJournal of the American Planning AssociationSame topicSustainability and Climate Change GovernanceFrench-language works237,207