First report of <i>Fusarium incarnatum</i> causing inflorescence blight on <i>Ocimum tenuiflorum</i> in India
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ocimum tenuiflorum (holy basil) is a widely cultivated medicinal plant. During 2023–24, symptoms of inflorescence blight were observed in Kalyani, West Bengal, India, causing a significant reduction in seed yield. Infected plants were monitored in the field while characteristic disease symptoms and morphology of the pathogen were recorded using stereo and compound microscopy. The pathogen was isolated from infected tissues and cultured on PDA media. Pathogenicity was tested under shade-net conditions by inoculating healthy basil plants with the test pathogen. Molecular identification was performed by amplifying and sequencing the ITS region and three protein-coding genes (TUB2, CAL, and EF1-α), followed by phylogenetic analyses. The infected inflorescences exhibited wilting, necrosis, and blackened rachis. Morphologically, the fungus produced fusiform macroconidia and abundant microconidia. Pathogenicity tests confirmed the causal role of the fungus. Sequencing results revealed a 97.67–100% similarity with Fusarium incarnatum, confirming its identity. The isolate was deposited in NAIMCC, India, and the DNA sequences were submitted to NCBI GenBank. This is the first report of F. incarnatum causing inflorescence blight in O. tenuiflorum in India. The findings highlight the need for monitoring regarding emerging fungal pathogens in medicinal plants and the requirement for further epidemiological and management studies.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".