The Evolving Role of Medical Thoracoscopy for the Management of Malignant Pleural Effusion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
MT is a minimally invasive endoscopic procedure which is a well-established tool for the management of pleural malignancies, which commonly cause pleural effusions. MT allows for pulmonologists to perform diagnostic and therapeutic maneuvers at the same time with high diagnostic sensitivity and can also shorten the hospitalization duration. MT, which is video-assisted, is performed by pulmonologists, and is not the same procedure as surgical thoracoscopy or video-assisted thoracoscopy surgery (VATS). To perform MT, pulmonologists use non-disposable rigid or semi-rigid telescopes in the endoscopy or theater suites under local anesthesia with intravenous conscious sedation/analgesia or mild anesthesia on a spontaneously breathing patient. MT is mainly indicated for diagnostic purposes in cases of unexplained exudative pleural effusions and/or talc pleurodesis ('poudrage') to prevent the recurrence of a persistent pleural effusion. This narrative review describes the role of this procedure in assessing potential malignant pleural disease whilst providing insights into procedural details, diagnostic performance, safety considerations, and clinical applications. In weighing the advantages and disadvantages of this procedure in comparison to alternative diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, this review aims to show the benefits of MT for this scenario. Finally, a few thoughts about future directions of this endoscopic procedure are proposed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".