Modifying strengthening mechanisms in MoNbZrTiV refractory high-entropy alloy particles through different mechanical alloying routes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
MoNbZrTiV refractory high-entropy alloy (RHEA) particles are developed using conventional and sequential mechanical alloying (MA) routes at varying milling times. The conventional MA route employed a single-step milling of Mo, Nb, Zr, Ti, and V. In contrast, the sequential MA route started with the milling of MoNbZr, followed by a stepwise addition of Ti and V at specific milling intervals. Increased interdiffusion zones, resulting from finer lamellar structure formation, lead to ‘chemical homogenization’ and are observed with increasing milling time. After 24 h of milling, comparable experimental hardness values are recorded, 7.62 GPa for conventionally milled and 7.48 GPa for sequentially milled particles, primarily due to the evolution of three body-centered cubic (BCC) phases, corresponding to Nb-, Zr-, and V-rich phase structures in both MA routes. Further investigations suggest a distinct difference in the calculated dislocation densities, phase volume fractions, and the related phase strengthening mechanisms between the two routes as a function of milling time. Conventionally milled particles exhibit dislocation strengthening, whereas sequentially milled particles reveal possible dislocation motion impediment associated with V-V split interstitial defect formation. Further, the thermodynamic parameters (complemented with calculated power and energy) provided valuable predictions for the multi-phase solid solution formation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".