Association between plasma phosphorylated tau-217 and cognition in Parkinson’s disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) co-pathology contributes to dementia in PD, but its role in earlier cognitive impairment remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To determine if p-tau217, a biomarker of early AD, is associated with cognitive impairment in PD. METHODS: Plasma p-tau217 levels in 167 PD patients without dementia and 63 controls were related to performance on standard neuropsychological testing, and to cognitive impairment as defined by a MoCA score <26 and by self-report. Plasma GFAP, NfL and APOE ε4 carrier status were also examined. RESULTS: No significant differences in p-tau217, GFAP and NfL level were observed between groups (pFDR > 0.08). Higher p-tau217 was associated with worse visuospatial function and greater self-reported cognitive impairment, but these associations did not survive correction (pFDR > 0.08). There was no association with cognitive impairment (pFDR > 0.08). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that co-morbid AD pathology is not a major contributor to early cognitive changes in this sample of PD patients without dementia. © 2026 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".