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Record W4417213260 · doi:10.18280/ijsdp.201016

Enhancing Urban Spaces in Baghdad: The Role of Digital Technologies in Al-Ummah Park

2025· article· W4417213260 on OpenAlexvenueno aff
A. Hussein, Ali I. Sabur, Hassan Faisal Jaafar, Mahmood Hussein Mustafa

Bibliographic record

VenueInternational Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning · 2025
Typearticle
Language
FieldEngineering
TopicArchitecture and Computational Design
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersMustansiriyah University
KeywordsUrban planningDigital transformationEmerging technologiesKey (lock)Urban space

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Baghdad's urban areas have a lot of problems, such as too many people, pollution, weak infrastructure, and not enough use of digital technologies.Al-Ummah Park, a culturally important place with historical monuments, shows these problems and also shows how digital technology could change things.The research aims to analyze the impact of digital technologies and smart interactive interfaces on the effectiveness of urban space, as well as to study the extent of their acceptance by society and the possibility of their implementation.A structured questionnaire was given to 110 randomly chosen people, mostly engineers and urban planning experts (91.8% had engineering backgrounds, 39.9% had PhDs, and 56.4% were 46 or older).The survey measured five key indicators: knowledge of digital technologies, present park conditions, technology acceptance, deployment concerns, and prospects for future expansion.Statistical tests were performed that included Cronbach's alpha reliability (a = 0.85) and Likert scale tests.As indicated in the survey, residents of the community highly supported the idea of digital modernization to streamline the urban areas.They also had a high level of knowledge of digital technologies and how they influence the performance of cities, and they were also concerned about the challenges that might arise with managing technology and the preservation of heritage.The urban environment of Baghdad can be made much more productive with the help of digital technologies and a brilliant interactive interface.Both hypotheses of the research are proved in the study: that the implementation of digital technologies is effective in the urban space and that their application can be successfully carried out in the environment of Baghdad.In order to make it work, the community must be involved, there should be cooperation among institutions, and a delicate balance between the conservation of cultural heritage and technology.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.541
Threshold uncertainty score0.614

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.004
GPT teacher head0.218
Teacher spread0.214 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designQualitative
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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