The impacts of compaction on the properties of mycelium-based materials
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Mycelium-based materials (MBMs) are a new type of biomaterial made of mycelium and lignocellulosic wastes. Due to their environmental friendliness, they offer an alternative to expanded polystyrene (EPS) as packaging materials. This study assessed the effects of compaction on MBMs’ characteristics. Three mycelium-generating strains and three types of substrates were utilized to produce MBMs using different protocols. As part of the various protocols compacted samples and uncompacted samples were applied. The physical and mechanical properties of MBMs are essential for their application in the packaging industry. Dry density, water absorption, and compressive properties were compared between MBMs with applied compaction and those without compaction. Compacted samples in this study showed a 9.57–34.29% increase in dry density, but the value was still lower than that of pulp moulding packaging (0.2–1.0 g/cm 3 ), a commonly used green packaging material nowadays. Compacted samples also saw a 28.57–129.63% increase in compressive strength at 10% strain, a 37.32–139.42% increase at 35% strain, and a 27.66–142.35% increase in compressive Young’s modulus. The impact of compaction on the water absorption of the MBM samples varied depending on the samples’ recipes/composition. At 60% RH, the weight gain ranged from 4.49 to 7.21% and 4.59% to 6.98% for samples without compaction and with compaction, respectively. At 80% RH, the weight increase of uncompacted and compacted samples was 10.68–15.42% and 11.02–19.04%, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".