Association between diet quality, physical activity and anthropometric status of people living with HIV in Cape Town
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research on the diet of PLWH in South Africa is limited. We assessed the association between BMI and diet quality of PLWH on ART in Cape Town. We recruited 246 participants between 2021 and 2022. Information on demographics, infection, treatment, anthropometry, and physical activity was obtained. Diet quality was assessed using the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (aHEI). Anthropometry was measured using BMI, waist circumference, mid-upper-arm circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. Participants were mostly females (70%) with an average age of 46 years, 28% were overweight, and 40% obese. Females were more obese than males (91% vs 9%, p < 0.001). Age was not associated with BMI. Leisure physical activity score was significantly different within BMI categories (p < 0.001). Over one-third of participants were being treated for at least one comorbidity, mostly hypertension, dyslipidemia, and dysglycemia. Average daily intakes of the components of the aHEI indicated a low compliance with the index recommendation. The mean aHEI score was 41.9, indicating diet quality was lower than average, and was not significantly different between BMI categories. Diet quality among PLWH in this study is suboptimal, irrespective of BMI; this needs to be addressed. Investigations of psychosocial factors affecting the nutritional and health status of PLWH is needed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".