Treatment of tuberculosis infection among immigrants in southern New Brunswick, Canada: A cross-sectional study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Treating individuals with tuberculosis (TB) infection (TBI) is an important aspect of the global strategy to eliminate TB as a public health problem, as it would help reduce the pool of individuals with TBI who are at risk of developing TB disease (TBD).Understanding factors that impact effective management of patients with TBI is helpful in informing policy.Objective: To assess the proportion of immigrants with TBI accepting and completing TB preventive treatment (TPT), variables potentially related to accepting and completing TPT were examined and healthcare provider (HCP)-related factors that impact TBI management were identified.Methods: Tuberculosis preventive treatment was offered to TBI-positive immigrants without a history or treatment of TBD from a pilot TBI screening study conducted in southern New Brunswick, Canada between November 2021 and November 2023.Tuberculosis preventive treatment acceptance and completion rates were calculated, and the HCP completed a questionnaire to identify factors that affected TBI management.Participant characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics, while Fisher's exact tests were conducted to test for independence between demographics and treatment acceptance and completion.The HCP questionnaire data were analyzed using thematic analysis.Results: Of the 49 participants who screened positive for TBI, 11 (22.4%) were lost to follow-up prior to being assessed and offered TPT and 38 (77.6%) were offered TPT, of whom 3 (7.9%)declined, 35 (92.1%) accepted and initiated TPT, and 30 (85.7%) completed treatment.Treatment acceptance and completion were found to be independent from the participant demographics examined.Thematic analysis revealed five emerging themes regarding the management of TBI participants (i.e., supports, collaboration, communication, time, and satisfaction).Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of treating TBI in immigrants and highlights HCP-related factors that impact the management of TBI among immigrants in southern New Brunswick.Our findings may assist programs aimed at improving TBI screening and treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".