Effects of flammulina velutipes stipe wastes on egg performance, cecum microbiota, intestinal barrier and serum immune response of laying hens
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Improving production performance and health is the key goal of laying hens farming. This experiment was conducted to examine the effects of Flammulina velutipes stipe wastes (FVW) on the performance of laying hens by regulating cecum microbiota, intestinal barrier and immune response. A total of 108 24-week-old Loman brown laying hens were randomly divided into basal diet group (BD), basal diet supplemented with 0.05 g/kg probiotic compound (PRO), and basal diet supplemented with 40 g/kg FVW. The trial lasted for 8 weeks. RESULTS: The results showed that compared with PRO and BD, FVW supplementation decreased feed conversion and increased egg Haugh unit of laying hens (P < 0.05). 16 S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis showed that Muribaculaceae, Eubacteriaceae, Synergistes, and Anaerofustis were differentially enriched in FVW-fed laying hens (P < 0.05). In addition, FVW increased the proportion of propionate in cecum, and mRNA levels of TLR-2, TLR-4, MyD88, Muc-2, Claudin-1, and ZO-1 in small intestinal mucosa were increased (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, FVW decreased the content of proinflammatory cytokines in serum (P < 0.05). According to Spearman correlation analysis, Eubacteriaceae and Anaerofustis were positively correlated with propionic acid and anti-inflammatory cytokine ratios, Muribaculaceae and Synergistes were positively correlated with intestinal barrier related gene levels. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary FVW supplementation improved the performance and egg quality of laying hens, increased the mRNA expression of intestinal mucosal immune factors, and decreased the content of proinflammatory factors in serum, which could potentially be linked to the changes of gut microbiota of laying hens.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".