Morphology-driven saturated hydraulic conductivity in hydrophobised sands
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Saturated soil hydraulic conductivity is known to be influenced by soil wettability. However, results on the relation between soil hydrophobicity and saturated hydraulic conductivity are often contradictory, with both negative and positive relationships reported. Contrasts are associated with changes to the soil particle morphology after treatment to induce hydrophobicity, from particle size and shape to surface roughness. Here, constant-head tests on hydrophobised sands with known physicochemical properties and particle attributes were conducted and supported using interferometry and a dynamic image analyser. Results show a selective effect on the saturated hydraulic conductivity depending on the type of hydrophobising agent used. At high concentration (e.g. 3·5%), samples treated with dimethyldichlorosilane show an increase in the saturated hydraulic conductivity, which can be attributed to the smoothening of the surface of the grains. Samples treated with wax and tung oil have a reduction in saturated hydraulic conductivity, which is attributed to a non-negligible increase in particle size and reduced pore space.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it