Mapping Changes to Geographical Names Over Time in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), in support of the Geographical Names Board of Canada (GNBC), introduces a new interactive map: Canada's Evolving Geographical Names.The GNBC is Canada's national coordinating body responsible for establishing standards and policies regarding place names, and is composed of representatives from federal, provincial, and territorial jurisdictions.To highlight the historical and cultural significance of Canada's geographical names, NRCan and the GNBC have released a series of interactive maps to showcase significant subthemes of toponymy, including place names that commemorate Canada's involvement in armed conflicts 1 , place names that honour women's contributions to Canadian society 3 , and names that recognize Indigenous cultures, languages and naming practices 4 .The newest map in the series (Figure 1) presents a curated selection of official geographical names that have changed over time, for various reasons, illustrating the evolution of place naming throughout Canadian history.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.012 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.011 | 0.038 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".