Bowel Urgency Improvement Correlates With Clinical, Biochemical, and Intestinal Ultrasound Improvements in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Cross Sectional Multicenter Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bowel urgency (BU) is reported by over 80% of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 60% of those with Crohn's disease (CD). However, the impact of advanced therapies on BU has not been consistently evaluated. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of advanced therapies on BU improvement in patients with UC and CD. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included all consecutive patients with confirmed UC or CD who started an advanced therapy with available data regarding BU before and after induction therapy between 2023 and 2024 at two tertiary centers. BU was assessed using the numeric-rating-scale urgency score (NRS-us), with BU defined as NRS-us ≥ 3. The primary endpoint was BU improvement (NRS-us ≤ 3 or reduction of at least two points) after the induction phase. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with BU improvement. RESULTS: A total of 159 patients were included (56% male; 65% UC; median age: 36 years (Interquartile range [IQR] 27-25)). TNFα inhibitors were the most frequently used agents (49.6%). At baseline, the median NRS-us was 7. After induction, 50.9% of patients achieved BU improvement, with a mean reduction of 2.3 ± 2.9 points. BU improvement was significantly associated with clinical remission (false-discovery-rate [FDR] = 0.009 in CD and FDR = 0.010 in UC), normalization of fecal calprotectin (FDR = 0.001), CRP (FDR = 0.008), and bowel wall thickness on intestinal ultrasound (FDR = 0.001). No significant differences were observed between therapeutic classes. CONCLUSION: BU improved in approximately half of IBD patients following induction with advanced therapies. Its improvement correlated with clinical, biochemical, and ultrasound remission, supporting the incorporation of BU assessment into routine clinical monitoring.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".