Spontaneous pneumothorax in a dog with interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and ruptured bullae
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Canine interstitial pulmonary fibrosis has been described in dogs, almost exclusively in terrier breeds. Here, we present a unique case of spontaneous pneumothorax in a Labrador Retriever that was presented to an emergency clinic in severe respiratory distress. Despite resuscitation efforts, the animal died and was submitted for autopsy, which revealed severely collapsed lungs bilaterally and bullae along the pleural surface, with at least one ruptured bulla observed grossly. Histopathology of the lung revealed coalescing areas of interstitial fibrosis throughout most of the lung tissue examined. A pan-herpesvirus PCR assay was negative on fresh lung tissue. Based on our findings, we propose that the fibrosis and bullae developed sequentially, and the fibrotic interstitium likely decreased the elasticity in the respective alveoli, leading to increased alveolar wall tension in normal alveoli, which caused the formation of bullae. Our case adds to the body of literature regarding canine interstitial lung disease by describing a unique presentation of canine idiopathic interstitial fibrosis in a non-terrier breed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".