Influence of Anxiety Level and Degree of Alexithymia on Quality of Life in Adult Patients With Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Primary immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterised by Thrombocytopenia, which can cause physical symptoms such as bleeding and impose a heavy burden on patients' mental health and quality of life (QOL). This study aims to investigate the impact of anxiety level and degree of alexithymia on the QOL of adult patients with ITP. METHODS: This investigative study included 148 patients with ITP attending our haematology department from June 2021 to June 2023. The following scales were used: the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) to assess the patients' anxiety level, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20) to assess the degree of alexithymia and the ITP-Patient Assessment Questionnaire (ITP-PAQ) to assess QOL. Pearson correlation and multifactor linear regression analyses were used to explore the relationship among anxiety level, degree of dysphoria and QOL. RESULTS: The mean HAMA score of 148 patients with ITP was 14.31 ± 3.61, of which 146 had varying degrees of anxiety. The mean TAS-20 score was 56.11 ± 8.41, and 106 cases had varying degrees of alexithymia. Pearson correlation analysis showed that HAMA scores (r = -0.316, p < 0.001) and TAS-20 scores (r = -0.254, p = 0.002) were significantly negatively correlated with ITP-PAQ scores. The results of multifactorial linear regression analysis showed that anxiety level (p < 0.001), alexithymia (p = 0.015), diabetes mellitus comorbidities (p = 0.046), stage of disease (p = 0.027) and platelet (PLT) level (p = 0.032) were independent risk factors for the QOL of patients with ITP. CONCLUSION: Anxiety level and alexithymia degree significantly affect the QOL of patients with ITP and are independent risk factors for QOL. Clinical work should pay attention to the psychological state of patients with ITP and the timely identification and intervention for anxiety and alexithymia to improve QOL.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".