Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the first complete mitochondrial genome sequence of three Artocarpus species in Hainan Province
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Artocarpus genus, belonging to the Moraceae family, exhibits various pharmacological and biological functions. However, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Artocarpus species remains largely unexplored, which hampers our understanding of its phylogenetic classification as well as population identification. In this study, we completely sequenced and assembled the mtDNA of three Artocarpus species, including Artocarpus heterophyllus , A. heterophyllus ( R ), and A. integer . Three Artocarpus species exhibited highly similar mtDNA features, with mtDNA sizes of approximately 438,620 bp, consisting of six contigs, and included 32 different protein-coding genes (PCGs). The codon usage analysis demonstrated that Leucine and Serine were the most preferred amino acids in three Artocarpus species. Furthermore, in three Artocarpus species mt genomes, 9 homologous fragments were found to transfer from the cp genome, which contain complete psaB , psaA , ndhB and rps7 genes. Phylogenetic trees further reveal that three Artocarpus species are most closely related to Ficus carica and Morus notabilis . In summary, this study fills the gap in mitochondrial genome data within the Artocarpus genus and provides a theoretical foundation for further understanding the taxonomic classification within Artocarpus species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".