Prevalence of Severe Acute Bronchiolitis in Al-Ramadi Maternity and Children's Teaching Hospital
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Acute bronchiolitis is a common respiratory illness in infants and young children with variable clinical severity, sometimes leading to serious complications or death. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of severe acute bronchiolitis in children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over six months at Al-Ramadi Maternity and Children Teaching Hospital, involving 511 children aged ≤ 2 years with their first episode of bronchiolitis. Cases were categorized into mild, moderate, or severe. Results: Out of the 511 cases, 109 (21.3%) as severe bronchiolitis. The majority were infants aged 1-6 months, with a slight male predominance. Most patients resided in rural areas, and overcrowded households were common. Significant associations (P-value < 0.05) were found between disease severity and factors such as young age, cesarean delivery, lower parental education, overcrowding, use of oil-based heating, and lack of maternal supplementation during pregnancy. Bottle feeding was the most prevalent type, but feeding method and parental smoking showed no significant association (P-value > 0.05) with disease severity. Pneumonia was the most frequent complication (22.5%), followed by apnea (8.8%), and respiratory care unit admission (11.7%). The observed mortality rate 3.1%. Conclusion: Acute bronchiolitis remains a significant cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Early identification of risk factors and improved supportive care are essential, especially in resource-limited settings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".