Merocyanine-linked ZwitterIonic Covalent Organic Frameworks
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Merocyanines are classic π-conjugated systems with a significant zwitterionic character and distinct optoelectronic properties. Here, we report the synthesis of the first merocyanine-based C=C-linked COFs through the condensation of N-alkylcollidinium salts with hydroxytrimesic aldehyde. These zwitter-ionic COFs are chemically stable, with a pronounced charge-transfer absorption band to ~850 nm. Strong dipolar interactions within the COFs result in pore contrac-tion/expansion in response to the medium polarity, manifested in a macroscopic expansion and an increased surface area in high dielectric constant medium. The COFs can reversibly transition between a black neutral and a yellow cationic form upon protonation. Density Functional Theory calculations suggest an ‘omni-directional’ π-conjugation with large band dispersions, despite the trigonal lattice. Thin films of EtMER-COF prepared by heterogeneous nucleation on glass/ITO substrates reveal a vertical orientation of its 2D sheets. Time-resolved spectroscopy of thin film suggests the presence of stimulated emission as well as a long-lived excited state.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".