Development of the Emotional Labour Scales Japanese version (ELS-J)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although it seems that the emotional labor process consisted of surface acting and deep acting, there were no instruments for measurement of these two aspects in Japan.The purposes of the present study were as follows: (a) translating the original version of the Emotional Labour Scales (ELS) into Japanese, (b) developing Emotional Labour Scales Japanese version (ELS-J) , and (c) examining its reliability and validity.Previous studies showed that the original ELS as six factors: surface acting, deep acting, intensity, frequency, variety, and duration.However, in accord with the duration subscale consisted of only one item, though in the present study, we assumed that ELS-J has five factors consisted of 14-item and the one duration item.Data from 233 full-time workers were analyzed, and the results of factor analyses were corresponded to the original ELS.Each subscales showed sufficient internal consistency and concurrent validity with burnout scales.These findings provided support for reliability and validity of ELS-J.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".