Glu298Asp eNOS Gene Polymorphism Causes Attenuation in Exercise‐Induced Muscle Vasodilatation in Humans
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that the vasodilatation responses to exercise were attenuated in homozygous individuals for the allele Asp298. Methods: from 287 volunteers genotyped, we studied 24 individuals: Glu/Glu (n=15, age 43±3 yr, BMI 22.9±0.3 kg/m2) and Asp/Asp (n=9, age 40±4 yr, BMI 23.5±0.9 kg/m2). Heart rate (HR), mean blood pressure (MBP) and forearm blood flow (FBF) were recorded during handgrip exercise (30% MVC). Results: FVC responses to exercise were lower in Asp/Asp, compared with Glu/Glu (Δ=0.07±0.14 vs. 0.57±0.09 units, P=.002). To investigate the mechanisms underlying the lowered vasodilatation in Asp/Asp, we studied FBF during L‐NMMA and L‐NMMA + phentolamine in a subset of 8 Glu/Glu and 7 Asp/Asp. We measured muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). L‐NMMA did not change FVC responses to exercise in Asp/Asp, compared with saline (Δ=−0.05±0.20 vs. −0.09±0.18 units, P=.52). In contrast, L‐NMMA reduced FVC in Glu/Glu (Δ0.79±0.14 vs. 0.14±0.09 units) and the difference between genotypes were no longer observed (P=.62). L‐NMMA + phento increased similarly FVC responses to exercise in Glu/Glu and Asp/Asp (Δ=1.16±0.26 vs. 0.56±0.24 units, P=.43). MBP and MSNA were similar among genotypes. Conclusion:Asp/Asp individuals have attenuated muscle vasodilatation responsiveness to exercise, which seems to be primarily mediated by a reduced nitric oxide bioavailability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".