Water requirements and subirrigation technology design criteria for cranberry production in Quebec, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) is a wetland crop grown commercially in natural or constructed sandy and peatsoils basins. An excessive amount of water is used in cranberry farming systems compared with other irrigated crops, which hasheightened growers' interest in improved drainage and irrigation management practices that conserve water resources with optimal yields. The objective of this study was to assess water needsfor cranberry beds from a water balance analysis and develop a design criterion for subirrigation requirements in the Saint-Louis-de-Blanford region of Quebec, Canada. Crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was computed from Hargreaves equation ofreference evapotranspiration (ETo) and a crop consumptive use. coefficient (Kc). Different irrigation rates were determined when. the root-zone soil moisture was allowed to reach 25, 50, and 75%. depletion of available water (AW). Depending on the level of AW depletion, irrigation requirements ranged from 4 to 13 mmper day for a sandy soil, and from 10 to 23 mm for a peat soil. We concluded from our study that the level of AW depletion thatshould be used to calculate irrigation requirements was between 25 and 50% for both soil types. These crop requirement valuescan be used as a guide to determine when to irrigate and how much with minimum water loss, without compromising cropyields. We have shown that subirrigation technology using subsurface drainage pipes has the potential to meet irrigation requirements for cranberry production. We found that theideal pipe spacing would be approximately 22 m for sandy soil, and 5 m for peat soil. More work is needed to ascertain howdifferent lateral spacings can satisfy cranberry water requirementsunder different climatic conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".