The low level of EPA in brain phospholipids is maintained by multiple compensatory mechanisms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To examine if mitochondrial fatty acid beta‐oxidation is necessary for maintaining low EPA levels in brain phospholipids. Methods Adult male free‐living Sprague Dawley rats were administered vehicle or methyl palmoxirate (MEP), a carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPTI) antagonist prior to being infused intravenously with 150 μCi/kg of 14 C‐radiolabeled palmitate, DHA or EPA. Blood samples were collected during the five minute infusion via the jugular vein. At 5 minutes with continual radiotracer infusion, rats were subjected to high‐energy, head‐focused microwave irradiation and brains were collected for radioactive and biochemical analyses. Results Using equations from our fatty acid model, we found that that incorporation coefficient (k*) into the aqueous fraction (marker of β‐oxidation) decreased significantly in MEP‐treated brains compared to vehicle controls for palmitate (3.8‐fold) and EPA (2.2‐fold) but not DHA. This was accompanied by a significant increase in the k* into total phospholipids of MEP‐treated brains as compared to controls for 14 C‐EPA infused rats (1.5‐fold) but not 14 C‐palmitate and 14 C‐DHA infused rats. However, after identification and correction for metabolized 14 C‐EPA, the increase in k* was attributed to an increase in synthesis of the EPA elongation product, n‐3 docosapentaenoic acid. Furthermore, the incorporation ( J in ) and recycling ( F FA ) of EPA into brain phospholipids were significantly lower than palmitate and DHA by up to 56‐fold and 9‐fold, respectively. Conclusion The low level of EPA in brain phospholipids is maintained via beta‐oxidation, elongation and rapid metabolisms. Grant Funding Source : NSERC
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".