TILLING in the botanical garden: a reverse genetic technique feasible for all plant species.
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) is a powerful technology that employs heteroduplex analysis to detect which organisms in a population carry single nucleotide mutations in specific genes. Genes are amplified by PCR using pooled genomic DNA from several individuals as a template. Following denaturation and renaturation of the amplified DNA, heteroduplexes form if organisms with wild type and mutant sequence are both present in the pool. The heteroduplexes can be detected by cleavage with an endonuclease and resolution of the resulting fragments on a sequencing gel. TILLING can be an effective reverse genetic technique if it is used to screen populations mutagenized with chemical mutagens such as ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS). Since such mutagens induce a diverse array of mutant alleles at a high frequency in any organism without the need of transgenic technology, TILLING is more versatile, universal and requires a smaller mutagenized population than other reverse genetic methods. TILLING can also be used to detect naturally occurring single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP’s) in genes among accessions, varieties, ecotypes or cultivars. These SNP’s can serve as genetic markers in mapping, breeding and genotyping and can provide information concerning gene structure, linkage disequilibrium, population structure or adaptation.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it