Xenophon's speeches and the Theban Hegemony
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The battle of Leuctra and the humiliation of Sparta were not only turning points in the history of fourth-century Greece; they were also milestones in the life of Xenophon. Compelled to abandon his estate at Scillus, he found refuge at Corinth, where he observed at first hand many of the major events of the Theban Hegemony. As a friend of Agesilaus and a man of some standing, he enjoyed access to some of the leading political and military figures of the day. In view of Xenophon's singular position during these years, the Theban Hegemony offers an excellent and clearly defined period in which to explore the question of Xenophon's use of speeches in this portion of the Hellenica and to determine whether they possess any basis in fact or whether they are nothing more than free inventions. Just as Xenophon does not say specifically that he is continuing Thucydides' history, so neither does he tell his readers how he will deal with the speeches in the Hellenica . One can assume that he is following Thucydides' famous pronouncement at 1, 22, but because of his silence on the topic that must clearly remain an assumption. Therefore, it is preferable to examine the situations in which Xenophon inserts speeches in his narrative to establish their function in this portion of the Hellenica , and secondly to determine whether the speeches correspond to those actually delivered at the time.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.013 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".