Kosovo : lessons learned for international cooperative security
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles, Frankfurt/M., New York, Oxford, Wien, Studies in Contemporary History and Security Policy. Vol. 5. General Editors: Kurt R. Spillmann and Andreas Wenger Center for Security Studies and Conflict Research, ETH Zurich The Kosovo crisis of 1999 was one of the most challenging events for cooperative security. Since the end of the Cold War, the European states, the United States and Canada have made progress in devising a new security architecture. However, the wars in the former Yugoslavia seemed to indicate that the new international order was not able to live up to its expectations. For the fourth time in eight years the Yugoslav president Slobodan Milosevic and those political forces he stands for tried to resolve an ethnic problem by means of ethnic cleansing. Unlike in Bosnia-Herzegovina or in Croatia, the Western world reacted with much more determination and resolve. The outcome was an accord that was made in early June 1999 and which has to be seen against the backdrop of a major international crisis. This book critically examines the various efforts to resolve the Kosovo problem by ways of cooperative security. It also deals with the problems that started after the agreement of 9 June 1999. Furthermore, it tries to shed light on the broader regional and international aspects of that crisis. Contents: Albrecht Schnabel: Political Cooperation in Retrospect: Contact Group, EU, OSCE, NATO, G-8 and UN Working toward a Kosovo Settlement - Domitilla Sagramoso: Why Did Milosevic Give in? Political Cooperation in Retrospect - Lukas Haynes: The Emergency Response of NATO and Humanitarian Agencies - Eric A. Witte: Reconstructing Kosovo: The Ethnic Dimension - RobertaN. Haar: The Kosovo Crisis and its Consequences for a European Security Architecture - Anastasia V. Mitrofanova: The Military Operation in Kosovo and the European Security System: Lessons Unlearned - Johannes Varwick: The Kosovo Crisis and the European Union: The Stability Pact and its Consequences for EU Enlargement - Andrew B. Denison: The United States and the Lessons of the Kosovo Campaign - Ekaterina Stepanova: Russia's Policy on the Kosovo Crisis: The Limits of « Cooperative Peacemaking.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".