We Have Our Best Days Before Us: Southwest Airlines Girds for a Challenging Year
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 2009, for the first time in its history, Southwest Airlines (SWA) is shrinking. It is reducing seat miles by four percent compared to 2008. It has grown every year since its founding in 1971. It is not parking any aircraft, but it is returning some older models and has postponed deliveries of six 737-700s due to arrive in 2010 and three more in 2011. Using new scheduling tools, it has reduced the number of flights by about 10 percent. It is also upgrading equipment on its 737s, giving them the capability of eventually using Required Navigation Performance. Southwest is also experimenting with on-board Wi-Fi. It is adding destinations to busy sections of the country, such as Boston’s Logan Airport and New York LaGuardia and has plans to start codeshares with Canada’s WestJet and Mexico’s Volaris in 2010. Despite the downturn in the industry overall, Southwest still made a profit. It is the only investment-grade, dividend-paying major airline in North America. Because of its large size, with some 3,200 daily flights on roughly 439 nonstop city-pairs to 65 domestic destinations, the expansions in Boston and New York aren’t as risky. After a LaGuardia codeshare with ATA ended when ATA failed, Southwest decided to enter the airport itself. With Logan, Southwest had already served nearby Providence for many years, giving it a presence in the regional market. Southwest remains primarily a point-to-point carrier with about 78 percent of its customers flying nonstop in 2008. Additional details are given on its fare structure and techniques that permit it to keep costs the lowest in the business.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.013 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.014 | 0.009 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.013 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.128 | 0.071 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".