The influence of electron screening on half-lifes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Electron screening strongly changes nuclear reaction cross sections at energies below 1000 times the screening energy U e .It has been found that U e can be one order of magnitude larger than predicted by theory [1] if the target atoms are hosted in a metallic environment.As a consequence, a change of lifetimes of low-energy β and α emitters may also be considered if they are situated in a metal.In addition, a temperature dependence of the screening effect has been proposed [2], dramatically changing some half-lifes if the metal is cooled [3,5].We checked these claims experimentally by measuring the decay rate of 22 Na in a piece of aluminum activated by a 70 MeV proton beam.We observed the 22 Na activity both at room temperature and when cooled down to nearly LN 2 temperatures.As a result, a 10% increase as proposed by [3] can be clearly excluded.Furthermore, a 1/ √ T temperature dependence of U e as it was proposed by [3,5] when the Debye-Hückel model is applied is unlikely.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".