Flammable Cities: Urban Conflagration and the Making of the Modern World
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Flammable Cities Part 1: Cities as Fire Regimes 1 Jan van der Heyden and the Origins of Modern Firefighting Art and Technology in Seventeenth-Century Amsterdam Susan Donahue Kuretsky 2 Governance, Arson, and Firefighting in Edo, 1600-1868 Jordan Sand and Steve Wills 3 Taming Fire in Valpara\u00edso, Chile, 1840s-1870s Samuel J. Martland 4 The Burning of a Modern City? Istanbul as Perceived by the Agents of the Sun Fire Office, 1865-1870 Cornel Zwierlein 5 Imperial Russia's Urban Fire Regimes, 1700-1905 Cathy A. Frierson 6 Fighting Fires (or Not) in Porfirian Mexico Amy S. Greenberg Part 2: Fire as Risk and as a Catalyst of Change 7 The Great Fire of Lisbon, 1755 Mark Molesky 8 A Tale of Two Cities: The Pyro-seismic Morphology of Nineteenth-Century Manila Greg Bankoff 9 Fire and Urban Morphogenesis: Patterns of Destruction and Reconstruction in Nineteenth-Century Montreal Jason Gilliland 10 The Great Fire of Hamburg 1842: From Catastrophe to Reform Dirk Schubert 11 Did the Fire Insurance Industry Help Reduce Urban Fires in the United States in the Nineteenth Century? Sara E. Wermiel 12 Inflaming the Fears of Theater-Goers: How Fires Shaped the Public Sphere in Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1880-1910 Kristen McCleary 13 Points of Origin: The Social Impact of the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake and Fire Andrea Rees Davies Part 3: The Politics of Fire 14 The Politics of Singapore's Fire Narrative Nancy H. Kwak 15 The Beirut Central District on Fire: Firefighting in a Divided City with Shifting Frontlines, 1975-1976 Sofia Toufic Shwayri 16 Who Burned Cleveland, Ohio? The Forgotten Fires of the 1970s Daniel Kerr 17 \u0022There is More to This Fire Than Meets the Eye\u0022: Anatomy of Fire Outbreaks in Lagos, Nigeria, 1980-2008 Ayodeji Olukoju 18 Fires, Urban Environments, and Politics in Contemporary Jakarta J\u00e9r\u00f4me Tadi\u00e9 Afterword: Fire on the Fringe Stephen J. Pyne Index
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.020 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".