The 1904 anthropology days and Olympic games: sport, race, and American imperialism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Bodies before Boas, Sport before the Laughter Left (Susan Brownell) 1. A Special Olympics: Testing Racial Strength and Endurance at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition (Nancy J. Parezo) 2. The Physical Value of Races and Nations: and Athletics at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition (Mark Dyreson) 3. Pierre de Coubertin's Concepts of Race, Nation, and Civilization (Otto J. Schantz) 4. Days, the Construction of Whiteness and Imperialism in the Philippines (Gerald R. Gems) 5. Savagery to Civic Organization: The Non-Participation of Canadian Indians in the Anthropology of the 1904 St. Louis Olympic Games (Christine M. O'Bonsawin) 6. Leav[ing] the White[s] ... Far Behind Them: The Girls from Fort Shaw (Montana) Indian School, Basketball Champions of the 1904 World's Fair (Linda Peavy and Ursula Smith) 7. Germans and Others at the Games: Problems of National and International Representation at the 1904 Olympics (Suzuko Mousel Knott) 8. Greece and the 1904 American Olympics (Alexander Kitroeff) 9. From the Days to the Anthropological Olympics (John Bale) 10. Olympic Days and the Progress of Exclusion: Towards an of Democracy (Henning Eichberg) 11. The Growth of Scientific Standards from Anthropology to Present Days (Jonathan Marks) Afterword: Back to the Future (Susan Brownell)
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.050 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".