Altered colonic barrier function and paracellular permeability in <i>Muc2</i> <sup>−/−</sup> mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A single layer of epithelial cells connected by tight junctions (TJ) and an overlying layer of Muc2‐containing mucus serve as the intestinal mucosal barrier. In this study, we investigated whether mice lacking Muc2 mucin ( Muc2 −/− ) have a compromised epithelial barrier, increasing their susceptibility to intestinal inflammation. Full thickness colonic tissues from Muc2 −/− and Wt mice were mounted in Ussing chambers to access ion transport, transepithelial resistance (TER) and mucosal to serosal flux of FITC‐dextran. TJ proteins were analyzed by Western blot and qPCR. Site‐specific and temporal permeability alterations were measured in vivo using oligosaccharide probes. Ussing chamber studies revealed Muc2 −/− mice had increased colonic TER and decreased FITC‐dextran flux when compared to Wt mice, indicating increased barrier function. Of the TJ proteins tested, both barrier‐forming occludin and cation‐selective claudin‐2 protein levels were increased in Muc2 −/− colons. However, in vivo oligosaccharide uptake revealed that Muc2 −/− mice had increased colonic permeability. Surprisingly, colonic epithelial barrier functions were enhanced in the absence of Muc2 mucin, but in vivo measurements show alterations in colonic permeability that were not identified using ex vivo techniques. These studies suggest that Muc2 mucin confers both luminal and epithelial barrier functions. Support: CIHR, CCFC, AIHS
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".