The Tannase Gene: Metaphylogenomics, Global Distribution and Presence in the Midgut Flora of the Forest Tent Caterpillar Malacosoma disstria Hübner
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tannase enzymes hydrolyze tannins, a class of plant polyphenolics that defend against herbivory. Prior to the 1980’s, most studies were focused on the tannase gene in fungi owing to the interest surrounding their industrial value. Since then a large number of bacterial tannase genes have also been discovered. I performed phylogenetic analysis on 110 fungal and bacterial tannase reference sequences in an effort to observe the relationships between fungal and bacterial tannase. The generated maximum likelihood tree shows eight strongly supported tannase clades, with a rift among fungal tannases, which either align with proteobacterial tannase or actinobacterial tannase. Metagenomes were used to assess the biogeographical distribution of the tannase clades, revealing that they may have environmental specificity. \n \nAn unpublished observation made by the Despland lab of Concordia University suggested that forest tent caterpillars (Malacosoma disstria) from western Canada are unable to survive on tannin-rich sugar maple foliage (Acer saccharum), whereas populations in eastern Canada develop on sugar maple. In Chapter 2 I examine this observation, and explore the possibility of tannase-expressing secondary symbionts in eastern M. disstria. For the first time, the microbiome of M. disstria has been described using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and is shown to contain several genera known for expressing the tannase gene.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".