Bibliographic record
Abstract
The notion of a moral point of view has a distinguished pedigree. But it has been integrated neither into economic modeling nor political philosophy. We make a preliminary attempt to do this. Specifically, we ask: “What is meant, in general, by a moral point of view? What elements are common to all notions of morality?” In asking these questions we do not seek agreement as to the content, and status of morality. Rather, we are interested in squaring the notion of moral points of view with the decision theoretic models at the base of rationality theory. Further, we are concerned to identify those elements which generate the substantive implications of adopting a moral point of view so that one can eventually analyze which aspects of a moral point of view are required by a modem democracy. We sketch a few of the consequences for social decisions if individuals, either unorganized or within a society, chose from such a point of view rather than some other” “How could you possibly have done that?” says Sheila to her friend Betsy, “You really did the wrong thing.” “I don’t really know,” comes the answer. “I guess I just wasn’t thinking about it clearly; I didn’t have the right perspective on it.” Sheila is obviously talking about some bad choice made by Betsy, but it is hard to conclude much more from those few lines. She could be talking about Betsy’s purchase of a hair dryer without some essential feature, or a decision to take Sheila’s car without permission. In either case, it would not be surprising were Sheila to continue advising her friend as follows “You should have considered your decision from a different point of view! Think about …” Economists assume that an individual making a choice has a unique set of values, but recent evidence does not bear this out (Tversky and Kahneman, 1981 & 1986; as well as Shafir and Tversky, 1994; but also see Sen, 1977 and Margolis, 1982 who were early dissenters from the classic economic point of view). Indeed, Betsy’s response indicates that the (offending) choice was made on the basis of a ‘perspective’ or ‘point of view’ which led her to the wrong decision. The implication: a different perspective might have led to the right choice.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.016 | 0.015 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.032 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.012 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.011 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".