Tutkimusmatka pienyrittäjän työvalmiuksien ytimeen : kirjallisuuteen ja DACUM-analyysiin perustuva kartoitus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examines the occupational competence and attitudes that small business entrepreneurs consider essential to their work. Small business entrepreneurs were given an opportunity to express their views in small focus groups of peer entrepreneurs. Consensus opinions formulated by the groups were then meticulously documented. The results expose the very core or soul of entrepreneurial competence and attitudes by determining what small business entrepreneurs feel they must be able to do. Acknowledgement and acceptance of tacit knowledge as part of one's competence and attitudes would introduce a systematic approach to the recording of such knowledge and enable its transfer to co-workers or successors. The theoretical framework consists of theories dealing with the general competence and attitudes and expertise of entrepreneurs. This expertise is divided into cognitive, affective and psychomotor competences and attitudes. These are then analysed using a theoretical model based on Bloom’s taxonomy along with the summary described by Roodt. The research approach is qualitative and phenomenographical. The empirical data was collected through a Finnish adaptation of the Canadian DACUM (Developing A Curriculum) model which is used to analyse the contents of the requirements of various occupations. The practicality of the DACUM model functioned as a method for collecting empirical data consisting of seven groups of small business entrepreneur respondents. In addition to the three groups in Finland, sessions were also arranged in Austria, Hungary, Lithuania and Turkey. The DACUM sessions were attended by a total of 30 Finnish and 29 foreign small business entrepreneurs.The study finds that the core, or soul, of the small business entrepreneurs’ competence and attitudes is devoted above all to leadership and management with sales and marketing also playing a role. Although small business entrepreneurs view financial administration and technical competences and attitudes as necessary and important, they do not view them as core elements, but rather as something that can be acquired from an outside source. The strong self-esteem that realises the entrepreneurial dream arises from the soul of the entrepreneur. The entrepreneurial soul – the bedrock of competence and attitudes – is made up of cognitive-affective-psychomotor competence and attitudes. It manifests itself in quite a similar form not only in Finland and elsewhere in Europe, but also in culturally divergent Turkey, indicating that the entrepreneurial soul seems to be rather similar despite certain differences in political or religious beliefs, ethnical background, or geographical location.It can be concluded that a distinct line should be drawn between what entrepreneurs must be able to do and which competences and attitudes are required in business administration. Small business entrepreneurs must comprehend the concept and totality of the business along with the distinctive characteristics of each sector, i.e. they must possess a cognitive knowledge of business activities. Affective and psychomotor competence and attitudes are now highlighted in the expertise of small business entrepreneurs alongside the traditionally emphasised cognitive competence and attitudes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.018 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".