Roles of privilege-disadvantage in meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among South Korean adolescents during COVID-19
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Adherence to physical activity (PA), recreational screen time (ST) and sleep recommendations within Canada’s 24-Hour Movement Guidelines have been consistently low among South Korean adolescents, with disparities across different factors that indicate social privilege-disadvantage (e.g., gender). COVID-19 may have exacerbated such disparities. Purpose: To examine intersectional correlates of meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among South Korean adolescents. Methods: Self-reported, population-based data from 44,198 adolescents (12-18 years) who participated in the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 2020 were used. Exposure included gender, effect modifiers included family economic status (FES), financial impacts due to COVID-19, and academic performance, and outcomes included meeting individual recommendations within the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines. Moderation analyses were conducted. Results: Overall, girls were less likely to meet PA and sleep recommendations than boys. High academic performance was associated with not meeting PA and sleep recommendations but with meeting the ST recommendation. Compared to girls with low FES, boys with high FES were more likely to meet the ST recommendation (OR: 1.24, 95%CI: 1.11–1.39). Compared to girls with low academic performance, girls (OR: 1.33, 95%CI: 1.23–1.44) and boys (OR: 1.48, 95%CI: 1.36–1.62) with high academic performance were more likely to meet the ST recommendation. Conclusions: Consistent with pre-COVID data, gender disparities in meeting PA and sleep recommendations were observed, but not for ST during the COVID-19 pandemic among South Korean adolescents. Boy gender with high FES as well as high academic performance, regardless of gender, has served as advantage in meeting the ST recommendation. Funding: The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this work.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".