Investigating the Effect of Mantle Flow on Surface Deformation in Alaska, Northwestern Canada, and the Bering Sea Using 3-D Geodynamic Models
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This research aims to examine the effect that mantle tractions have on surface deformation throughout the Pacific-North America plate boundary zone in Alaska, western Canada, and the Bering Sea region. We use 3-D geodynamic models to simulate the crust and upper mantle in order to investigate the tectonic force balance between plate boundary interactions, gravitational collapse, and basal tractions. We determine that mantle tractions with a magnitude of ~2.5-3.8 MPa, directed to the southeast, in conjunction with forces from the Yakutat flat slab, best fit the steady-state plate motion estimates in Alaska. We also show how these mantle tractions have likely aided in concentrating deformation to the northwest of incoming Yakutat oceanic plateau throughout the ~50 Ma evolution of flat slab subduction in this region. Finally, we conclude that mantle tractions also impact the broad zone of distributed deformation surrounding the Bering Sea. The confluence of basal forces and tectonic extrusion, due to the Yakutat flat slab, may lead to the evolution of a new plate boundary extending from northwest Alaska to the Kuril-Kamchatka subduction zone.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".