Proposed Rule Changes in College Basketball
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to survey the opinions of head basketball coaches of colleges and universities throughout the United States and Canada relative to proposed rule changes in college basketball. Methodology involved construction of a ten item questionnaire dealing with proposed rule changes; a five item Liekert Scale was utilized for measurement of responses. The college classifications included divisions I, II, and III of the National Collegiate Athletic Association, the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics and the Canadian College Athletic Association. The total population of college head coaches surveyed was 1,222; there were 842 returns. The overall response was 69 percent. Frequency distributions and histograms were developed for each of the ten proposed rule changes. The coaches responding seemed to feel that none of the following proposed rule changes were needed: l) extension of the free throw lane from 12 feet to 14 feet, 2) use of three officials, 3) utilization of a thirty second shot clock, 4) use of a thirty second shot clock up until the last five minutes of the second half and up until the last two minutes of any overtime period, 5) elimination of all one and one bonus situations with two shots awarded after the tenth team foul in each half, 6) no automatic disqualifications after five fouls, 7) awarding of three foul shots to make two if fouled in the act of shooting, 8) extension of the personal foul limit from five to six, 9) elimination of the center jump and all other jumps with teams gaining alternate possession, 10) disallowing offensive tip in baskets. Crosstabulation analyses were compiled to determine if a statistically significant relationship existed between college classification and expressed opinions of head coaches. All contingency coefficients among classifications of colleges surveyed proved to be no greater than r = .39, which indicated little shared variance. This research seemed to indicate, based on the questionnaire developed for the study, that the majority of coaches were not in favor of the proposed rule changes in college basketball. Also, the classification or status of the colleges had little impact on the opinions or responses of the coaches. Ultimately, as supported by the analysis of the data from the questions asked, the coaches seemed to like the collegiate game of basketball the way it is presently played. However, a variety of free responses revealed that coaches favor some rule changes. These changes may come about following more input, open discussion and game-like experimentation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".